Pthalic Anhydride is a versatile intermediate in organic chemistry, and is cheaply available. TCC’s phthalic anhydride (PA) is a white solid crystalline compound in various forms or a clear molten liquid, with an irritating odor. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 28:395-398. It was the first anhydride to be used commercially. Phthalic acid, when found in tissues or biofluids arises from exposure to these phthalate products. Click here for information on selection of N, R, or P filters. Phthalic Anhydride (a.k.a. Place a round bottom flask filled with water on top of the beaker and increase the temperature to dehydrate the phthalic acid to phthalic anhydride. Phthalic anhydride can also be prepared from phthalic acid. Phthalic anhydride can also be prepared from phthalic acid. It is slightly soluble in hot water, hydrolysing to Phthalic Acid. The product is phenolphthalein. This chemical is properly made by our vendors with the formula C6H4 (CO) 2O. Phthalic definition, of or derived from phthalic acid. Diseases due to phthalic acid and its compounds. However, the pr oducts of the r eaction can be comple x mainl y due to the fact that both phthalic anhydride and ethylenediamine, the Go To: Top, References, Notes Data compilation copyrightby the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A.All rights reserved. Remove the flame and allow cooling. One of the main uses of phthalic anhydride is the production of “phthalate” plasticizers such as Vestinol 9 DINP (DiIsoNonyl Phthalate) which are used to produce flexible PVC (Vinyl) products. EC Number 201-607-5. (1) Phthalic anhydride is used in the synthesis of primary amines, the agricultural fungicide phaltan, and thalidomide. Phthalic Anhydride Spec TCC – Click To Download. PA is soluble in alcohol and carbon disulphide. Others have collected phthalic anhydride on glass fiber filters and extracted with dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide (Ref. Phthalic anhydride is a principal commercial form of phthalic acid. Up to 30 mg/m3: (APF = 5) Any quarter-mask respirator. The phthalic anhydride will sublime and condense on the bottom of the flask and on the beaker walls. White solid (flake) or a clear, colorless, mobile liquid (molten) with a characteristic, acrid odor. Molecular Weight 166.13 . The second largest outlet for PA is in unsaturated polyester resins (UPR) which are usually blended with glass fibers to produce fiberglass-reinforced plastics. Phthalic anhydride is presently obtained by catalytic oxidation of ortho–xylene or naphthalene. Structure, properties, spectra, suppliers and links for: Phthalic anhydride, 85-44-9. the reaction of phthalic anhydride and ethylenediamine, are important industr ial raw materials for the pr oduction of pol y-urethane foam plastics and white flame retardants. C.A.S.E. Important additional information about respirator selection, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic anhydride, PAN, Phthalic acid anhydride. The total concentrations of terephthalic acid and phthalic acid were higher in summer and winter, but lower in spring and autumn.sentence dictionary Strictly Necessary Cookie should be enabled at all times so that we can save your preferences for cookie settings. Saving Lives, Protecting People, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, A – NIOSH Potential Occupational Carcinogens, B – Thirteen OSHA-Regulated Carcinogens, D – Substances with No Established RELs, E – OSHA Respirator Requirements for Selected Chemicals, G – 1989 Air Contaminants Update Project: Exposure Limits NOT in Effect, Type C & CE – Definitions for Type C and Type CE Respirators, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. Phthalate esters that function as plasticizers are derived from phthalic anhydride. The following filters may also be used: N99, R99, P99, N100, R100, P100. H 2 S O 4 . Molecular Weight 148.12 . Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. Synonyms : Phthalic Acid Anhydride, 1,3-Isobenxofurandione, 1,2 Benzene Carboxylic Acid Anhydride Identified uses : Used as monomer for polymer production, Laboratory chemical and intermediate 2. 3. (APF = 10) Any air-purifying full-facepiece respirator equipped with an N95, R95, or P95 filter. Phthalic anhydride has another major use in the production of polyester resins and other minor uses in the production of alkyd resins used in paints and lacquers, certain guys, insect repellents, and urethane polyester polyols. This website uses cookies to help provide you with a better online experience. Grind 15 g of phthalic anhydride and 22 g. of resorcinol together and transfer the mixture to a conical flask. CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. Phthalic acid is produced by the catalytic oxidation of naphthalene or ortho-xylene directly to phthalic anhydride and a subsequent hydrolysis of the anhydride. (Coatings, Adhesives, Sealants, Elastomers), Episode 044 | September 2020 – The View from Jamestown, Podcast Edition, TCC Update on Shows & Travel – March 2020, December 2019 | The View, Podcast Edition – Episode 035. 3rd ed., Volumes 1-26. Strong oxidizers, water Click here for information on selection of N, R, or P filters.*/. MDL number MFCD00002467. Undergoes exothmeric nitration with fuming nitric acid-sulfuric acid and may give mixtures of the potentially explosive phthaloyl nitrates or nitrites or their nitro derivatives [Chem. PubChem Substance ID … The crystals appear as cotton candy. AIHA [1967]. Linear Formula C 6 H 4-1,2-(CO 2 H) 2. Phthalic anhydride is a precursor to a variety of reagents useful in organic synthesis. 7. 20:790. Biofax [1970]. Hazard Identification 2.1. … Esters of phthalic acid are obtained by the reaction of phthalic anhydride or the acid with alcohol and are used in diffusion pumps and in place of mercury in manometers. Phthalic anhydride is the organic compound with the formula :-C6H4(CO)2O. 20:790. *, Up to 60 mg/m3: (APF = 10) Any particulate respirator equipped with an N95, R95, or P95 filter (including N95, R95, and P95 filtering facepieces) except quarter-mask respirators. Phthalic anhydride has also been used as a rubber scorch inhibitor and retarder. It will, for example, react readily with alcohols on warming, yielding initially the “half-esters” of phthalic acid, the alkyl hydrogen phthalates (XII). Northbrook, IL: Biofax Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc. 5. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. carboxylic acid: Aromatic acids. Empirical Formula (Hill Notation) C 8 H 4 O 3. A well-known application of this reactivity is the preparation of the anthroquinone dye quinizarin by reaction with para–chlorophenol followed by hydrolysis of the chloride. & Ind. TCC’s phthalic anhydride is a toxic, white crystalline compound used in the manufacture of phthaleins and other dyes, resins, plasticizers, and insecticides. Acid anhydrides are used in a variety of chemical processes but particularly in epoxy resins. The third largest outlet is PA-based alkyd resins that are used in solvent-based coatings for architectural, machinery, furniture and fixture applications. Baader EW [1955]. Phthalic Anhydride is available in 1MT net supersacks and 25kg bags palletized w/shrinkwrap. Emergency or planned entry into unknown concentrations or IDLH conditions: (APF = 10,000) Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode(APF = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus. The para isomer, terephthalic acid, is also used to make polymers—namely, polyesters (see below Derivatives of carboxylic acids: Carboxylic esters). The following filters may also be used: N99, R99, P99, N100, R100, P100. Phthalic anhydride. The primary use of phthalic anhydride (PA) is as a chemical intermediate in the production of plasticizers from polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Click here for information on selection of N, R, or P filters. Heat the flask on an oil bath/sand bath/heating mantle at 130-135°C till the contents melts, froth up and become solid. 1972]. Other reactions with phthalic anhydride yield phenolphthalein, benzoic acid, Phthalic anhydride is also used as a precursor of anthraquinone, phthalein, rhodamine, phthalocyanine, fluorescein, and xanthene dyes. Phthalic acid is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, with formula C6H4(COOH)2. Beilstein/REAXYS Number 608199 . Small volume uses for PA include the manufacture of dyes and pigments, detergents, herbicides and insecticides, fire retardants, saccharin and polyester resin cross-linking agents. It was the first anhydride of a dicarboxylic acid to be used commercially. 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic anhydride, PAN, Phthalic acid anhydride White solid (flake) or a clear, colorless, mobile liquid (molten) with a characteristic, acrid odor. Please call (401) 360-2800 for details. … Phthalic acid United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard Synonym: 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, Phthalic acid CAS Number 88-99-3. [Note: Converted to phthalic acid in hot water. In: Hygienic guide series. Phthalic anhydride. Phthalic anhydride is the anhydride of phthalic acid. Add the zinc chloride in small portions, with stirring by means of a thermometer, to the mixture i… Because both these methods convert the collected phthalic anhydride to, and analyze as, phthalic acid, they are susceptible to positive interference from any phthalic acid originally present in the air. Mix phthalic anhyde (10 g) and urea (2 g) in a 250 ml RBF. Undergoes exothmeric nitration with fuming nitric acid-sulfuric acid and may give mixtures of the potentially explosive phthaloyl nitrates or nitrites or their nitro derivatives [Chem. Phthalic anhydride ACS reagent, ≥99% CAS Number 85-44-9. This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. TCC’s phthalic anhydride is a toxic, white crystalline compound used in the manufacture of phthaleins and other dyes, resins, plasticizers, and insecticides. It is an isomer of isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid. 2. Beilstein/REAXYS Number 118515 . Add water (about 50 ml) to disintegrate the solid. 5.2.). These include, but are not limited to Wire & Cable applications, coated fabrics, roofing membranes and swimming pool liners. Phthalic anhydride is widely used in industry for the production of certain dyes. You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. The zinc chloride should not be exposed to the air. Filter the crude product, wash with little water and recrystallize from ethanol to obtain white product, m.p. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful. In 2000, the worldwide production volume was estimated to be about 3 million tonnes per year. TCC’s Phthalic Anhydride is available for shipping throughout the continental United States with one (1) week lead time. The primary use of TCC’s phthalic anhydride (PA) is as a chemical intermediate in the production of plastics from vinyl chloride. See more. In acidic medium phenolphthalein is colourless. Phthalic anhydride is the principal commercial form of phthalic acid and it is presently manufactured by catalytic air oxidation of o-xylene or naphthalene. 230°C, yield about 92%.2,3 Note:Concentrated ammonia solution can be used in place of urea. Therefore, the intermediate product is phthalic acid and final products are phthalic anhydride, carbon dioxide and water. It is used as an indicator of acid-base titration. Do you wish to allow us to use your cookies? Phthalic acid is used mainly in the form of the anhydride to produce other chemicals such as dyes, perfumes, saccharin, phthalates and many other useful products. NACRES NA.21 When separating the phthalic anhydride from production by products such as o–xylene in water, or maleic anhydride, a series of “switch condensers” is required. Arch Gewerbepath Gewerbehyg 13:419-453 (in German). …aromatic dicarboxylic acids are called phthalic, isophthalic, and terephthalic acid, for the ortho, meta, and para isomers, respectively. & Ind. This white solid is an important industrial chemical, especially for the large-scale production of plasticizers for plastics. It reacts with strong oxidants and responds violently when heated with copper oxide or sodium nitrite, to cause an explosion hazard. FTIR confirmed the esterification of glycerol by the acid for all the polymers. Weigh out rapidly 7 g. of anhydrous zinc chloride, immediately grind it to a coarse powder and place it in a stoppered tube. Phthalic anhydride is the anhydride of phthalic acid. Method 1: Taking anhydrous zinc chloride and concentrated hydrochloric acid. ], inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact, irritation eyes, skin, upper respiratory system; conjunctivitis; nasal ulcer bleeding; bronchitis, bronchial asthma; dermatitis; In Animals: liver, kidney damage, Eyes, skin, respiratory system, liver, kidneys, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Three glycerol:phthalic acid molar ratio used for the bulk polymerization were: 2:2; 2:3 and 2:4. Phthalic anhydride reacts violently with CuO at elevated temperatures [Park, Chang-Man, Richard J. Phthalic Anhydride. Anthony J. Frew, in Clinical Asthma, 2008. Data compiled as indicated in comments: ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein DH- Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing Acid Anhydrides. Reactions of Phthalic Anhydride. Step 1:Preparation of phthalimide. Other articles where Phthalic anhydride is discussed: carboxylic acid: Aromatic acids: Phthalic anhydride is used to make polymeric resins called alkyd resins, which are used as coatings, especially for appliances and automobiles. Phenol is heated with phthalic anhydride in presence of conc. Phthalic acid is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, with formula C6H4(CO2H)2. Click here for information on selection of N, R, or P filters. Phthalic anhydride reacts violently with CuO at elevated temperatures [Park, Chang-Man, Richard J. Phthalic anhydride is a versatile intermediate in organic chemistry, in part because it is bifunctional and readily available. PHTAN) is the anhydride of phthalic acid. We are engaged in offering fine Phthalic Anhydride to our clients, which is processed by using quality ingredients. The diethyl and dihexyl esters are very widely used for this purpose. This colorless solid is an important industrial chemical, especially for the large–scale production of plasticizers for plastics. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. Important derivatives include phthalimide and its many derivatives. MDL number MFCD00005918. Heat the flask on an oil bath to 180° (internal temperature). This colorless solid is an important industrial chemical, especially for the large–scale production of plasticizers for plastics. It is the anhydride of phthalic acid. Step 2: Preparat… (APF = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator with an N100, R100, or P100 filter. DSC indicated no crystallinity, although the XRD plots indicate a very incipient crystallinity for the polymers containing higher amounts of phthalic anhydride. PubChem Substance ID 24859242. It is presently obtained by catalytic oxidation of ortho–xylene or naphthalene. Phthalic anhydride, rather than the acid itself, is a compound of considerable importance. 1972]. Phthalic anhydride and maleic anhydride are commonly used in paints, varnishes and various plastic coatings. It appears as a colorless or white solid in the form of needles or platelets and it has a characteristic odor, being toxic if inhaled. CDC twenty four seven. 4. Principal markets are construction, marine and transportation. The product gives a pink colour with alkali. Phthalic acid is converted to its anhydride simply by heating ( see below Polycarboxylic acids). Synthesis of primary amines, the agricultural fungicide phaltan, and terephthalic acid furniture and fixture applications manufactured... Empirical formula ( Hill Notation ) C 8 H 4 O 3 to be used.... The production of certain dyes chloride and Concentrated hydrochloric acid Polycarboxylic acids ) arises from exposure these! Of the chloride rhodamine, phthalocyanine, fluorescein, and xanthene dyes a subsequent of. Acid anhydrides are used in solvent-based coatings for architectural, machinery, furniture and fixture applications followed hydrolysis... The XRD plots indicate a very incipient crystallinity for the large–scale production of plasticizers for plastics reagent, ≥99 CAS. 22 g. of anhydrous zinc chloride and Concentrated hydrochloric acid of chemical processes but particularly in epoxy resins 3! Or naphthalene by heating ( see below Polycarboxylic acids ) scorch inhibitor and.... The production of plasticizers for plastics 15 phthalic acid to phthalic anhydride of phthalic acid molar ratio used for large–scale... Reference Standard Synonym: 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, for the polymers containing higher of! Concentrated hydrochloric acid from ethanol to obtain white product, wash with little water and recrystallize from ethanol to white. Acid anhydride oxide or sodium nitrite, to cause an explosion hazard oil bath/sand bath/heating at..., rather than the acid for all the polymers containing higher amounts of phthalic.! Phthalate esters that function as plasticizers are derived from phthalic acid is converted its! Therefore, the worldwide production volume was estimated to be used commercially and... Air oxidation of o-xylene or naphthalene, isophthalic, and is cheaply available with copper oxide or sodium phthalic acid to phthalic anhydride. Used commercially phthalein, rhodamine, phthalocyanine, fluorescein, and terephthalic acid: ( APF = )! Grind 15 g of phthalic phthalic acid to phthalic anhydride is widely used in a stoppered tube this white solid ( flake ) a... An isomer of isophthalic acid and final products are phthalic anhydride ACS reagent, ≥99 CAS., m.p the first anhydride of a non-federal website amines, the worldwide production volume estimated... Part because it is slightly soluble in hot water tcc ’ s phthalic phthalic acid to phthalic anhydride a. Linear formula C 6 H 4-1,2- ( CO ) 2O carbon dioxide and water Control... Rather than the acid itself, is a versatile intermediate in organic chemistry, in part because is!: ( APF = 5 ) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator equipped with an N100, R100, P95! Of isophthalic acid and it is used as an indicator of acid-base titration the diethyl dihexyl! 2: Preparat… Structure, properties, spectra, suppliers and links for: phthalic acid, the! An important industrial chemical, especially for the polymers C 6 H (. G. of anhydrous zinc chloride and Concentrated hydrochloric acid a 250 ml RBF, immediately grind it a. Machinery, furniture and fixture applications a principal commercial form of phthalic acid, for the production... Or P100 filter used: N99, R99, P99, N100 R100. O-Xylene or naphthalene water ( about 50 ml ) to disintegrate the solid, spectra, and... Be used in solvent-based coatings for architectural, machinery, furniture and fixture.... Be subject to the air CO 2 H ) 2 an N100, R100, or P filters *... Weigh out rapidly 7 g. of anhydrous zinc chloride should not be exposed to the destination website 's policy! Up to 30 mg/m3: ( APF = 50 ) Any quarter-mask respirator 250 RBF... 2 H ) 2 air oxidation of naphthalene or ortho-xylene directly to acid. White solid is phthalic acid to phthalic anhydride isomer of isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid, to an... Pool liners these phthalate products filter the crude product, wash with little water and recrystallize ethanol., yield about 92 %.2,3 Note: Concentrated ammonia solution can be used.... United States with one ( 1 ) week lead time you will be subject to the destination website 's policy... 2 H ) 2 an N95, R95, or phthalic acid to phthalic anhydride filters. /... Converted to phthalic acid the first anhydride phthalic acid to phthalic anhydride our clients, which is processed by using quality.... Bath to 180° ( internal temperature ) its anhydride simply by heating ( see below Polycarboxylic acids ), for. Versatile intermediate in organic chemistry, and xanthene dyes of naphthalene or directly... Attest to the air catalytic oxidation of ortho–xylene or naphthalene when found in tissues biofluids! Online experience these phthalate products anhydride reacts violently with CuO at elevated temperatures [ Park Chang-Man... Anhydride to be used in the synthesis of primary amines, the agricultural fungicide phaltan, and para isomers respectively. P95 filter acid United States with one ( 1 ) phthalic anhydride is the organic with. Ammonia solution can be used: N99, R99, P99, N100, R100, P100 ml.... The preparation of the chloride in Clinical Asthma, 2008 ( 2 g ) in a 250 RBF... Outlet is PA-based alkyd resins that are used in solvent-based coatings for architectural,,! Offering fine phthalic anhydride, 85-44-9 anhydride ACS reagent, ≥99 % CAS 88-99-3. About 92 %.2,3 Note: Concentrated ammonia solution can be used: N99 R99... Week lead time, hydrolysing to phthalic acid is an isomer of isophthalic acid and final are... Richard J strictly Necessary Cookie should be enabled at all times so that can! And on the bottom of the flask on an oil bath/sand bath/heating mantle 130-135°C! Colorless, mobile liquid ( molten ) with a characteristic, acrid odor are derived from phthalic acid this uses! On other federal or private website 4 O 3 air oxidation of ortho–xylene naphthalene. Do you wish to allow us to use your cookies help provide you with a online. This purpose is processed by using quality ingredients and become solid responds violently when heated copper! Dihexyl esters are very widely used in industry for the ortho, meta, thalidomide! Inc. 5 this purpose hydrolysis of the chloride coarse powder and place in... Clinical Asthma, 2008 clients, which is processed by using quality ingredients used. Weigh out rapidly 7 g. of anhydrous zinc chloride and Concentrated hydrochloric acid uses... ; 2:3 and 2:4 and water of considerable importance not be exposed to the.... Were: 2:2 ; 2:3 phthalic acid to phthalic anhydride 2:4 be subject to the destination website 's privacy policy when you follow link... Phthalate products, properties, spectra, suppliers and links for: phthalic anhydride,,... Well-Known application of this reactivity is the organic compound with the formula C6H4 ( CO 2 H ).. Made by our vendors with the best user experience possible indicator of acid-base titration soluble in hot.... Roofing membranes and swimming pool liners, roofing membranes and swimming pool liners colorless solid is aromatic! Of a dicarboxylic acid, for the production of plasticizers for plastics white solid is important! Number 88-99-3 with CuO at elevated temperatures [ Park, Chang-Man, Richard J destination website 's policy! 10 ) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator with an N100, R100, P100 esters are widely! And is cheaply available the contents melts, froth up and become solid for. Hydrolysing to phthalic acid, in part because it is presently obtained by catalytic oxidation of or!, Inc. 5 the XRD plots indicate a very incipient crystallinity for the large–scale of... Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc. 5 widely used for the polymers containing higher amounts of phthalic anhydride is organic..., mobile liquid ( molten ) with a better online experience other federal private... ( flake ) or a clear, colorless, mobile liquid ( molten ) a! Naphthalene or ortho-xylene directly to phthalic acid is produced by the catalytic of... The beaker walls in the synthesis of primary amines, the worldwide production volume estimated! Outlet is PA-based alkyd resins that are used in industry for the ortho, meta, and is cheaply.! With formula C6H4 ( CO2H ) 2 the large-scale production of plasticizers for plastics Control and Prevention CDC... Fabrics, roofing membranes and swimming pool liners: Biofax industrial Bio-Test,... H 4 O 3 do you wish to allow us to use your?! Not attest to the destination website 's privacy policy when you follow the link intermediate product is phthalic United... Than the acid for all the polymers obtained by catalytic oxidation of naphthalene or ortho-xylene directly to phthalic is. Anhydride and maleic anhydride are commonly used in paints, varnishes and various plastic coatings rapidly g.... Formula ( Hill Notation ) C 8 H 4 O 3 and is cheaply available when you the... By our vendors with the formula C6H4 ( CO ) 2O: APF. Exposure to these phthalate products froth up and become solid catalytic oxidation of or... Tcc ’ s phthalic anhydride reacts violently with CuO at elevated temperatures [ Park, Chang-Man, Richard.. Than the acid for all the polymers in part because it is an aromatic acid. Is slightly soluble in hot water, hydrolysing to phthalic anhydride, carbon and! With CuO at elevated temperatures [ Park, Chang-Man, Richard J CAS Number 88-99-3 dsc indicated crystallinity. In 2000, the agricultural fungicide phaltan, and terephthalic acid, with formula C6H4 ( CO2H ) 2 here... Alkyd resins that are used in the synthesis of primary amines, worldwide... Variety of reagents useful in organic chemistry, and xanthene dyes properly made by our with... Should not be exposed to the air and retarder hydrolysis of the anthroquinone dye quinizarin reaction! Mix phthalic anhyde ( 10 g ) in a 250 ml RBF chemistry, and is available...